What does this reveal about Holden? One group of polysemes are those in which a word meaning an activity, perhaps derived from a verb, acquires the meanings of those engaged in the activity, or perhaps the results of the activity, or the time or place in which the activity occurs or has occurred. Nevertheless such cases are not always losses in translation. Salinger uses symbolism in his works also to foreshadow a better life. Alliefelt separate from his teammates while playing baseball. Stradlater then becomes worried that he has hurt Holden and will get into trouble. Lexical peculiarities comprise the following difficulties: difference in the semantic volume of a word because a word exists in a close connection with the lexical-semantic system of a given language. He feels like he has a duty to save other people from growing up and maturing. Holden's definition of phoniness relies mostly on a kind of self-deception: he seems to reserve the most scorn for people who think that they are something they are not or who refuses to acknowledge their own weaknesses. This chapter has also centered on presenting the major themes from Salingers literary highpoint, his novel and his Nine Stories collection. Ive selected Holdens red hunting hat, the Museum of Natural History, and the Ducks in Central Park Lagoon. Holden breaks down in tears, and his sister tries to console him. I sort of closed one eye, like I was taking aim at it. [18]. International words are words that are used in a wide range of languages in one or several forms. He is also mad because he knows that it is impossible to keep from kids getting their innocence taken away. Intralinguistic translation, or rewording means interpreting verbal signs through other signs of the same language. Every translation activity has one or more specific purposes and whichever they may be, the main aim of translation is to serve as a cross-cultural bilingual communication vehicle among peoples. But the impossibility of such a fantasy is the tragedy of Holden's situation: rather than face the challenges around him, he retreats to a fantasy world of his own making. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. The example for this wrd with its meanings could be like I left the goddam foils andstuff on the subway (J. D. Salinger: p.170 in English and Am uitat blestmatele aleade florete ?i tot echipamentul in metrou. and throughthis example ispinted out that the author used not only the main meaning of the word. Some idioms are 'misleading'; they seem transparent because they offer a reasonable literal interpretation and their idiomatic meanings are not necessarily signalled in the surrounding text. Type your requirements and I'll connect Romanian version imitates indeed the way teenagers speak nowadays and uses more colorful equivalents and expressions than the first version. Holden's brash decision to attack Stradlater is a result of his pent-up anxiety and anger. Yet the novel is not without its sharp advocates, who argue that it is a critical look at the problems facing American youth during the 1950's. Contemporary critics discuss a clear progression over the course of Salinger's published work, as evidenced by the increasingly negative reviews received by each of his three post-Catcher story collections. This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and misadventures in New York until some time after these events have occurred. We are lucky to present you. In translation from English to other languages it is faced the conflict of two completely different cultures, levels of development, customs and traditions. Allie is a special person to Holden because of his intelligence and kindness, When Holden accepted the favor of writing Stradlater's composition, Holden has also accepted an obstacle in his time during his stay in Pencey Prep. Join the dicussion. Sometimes it is hard to do all the work on your own. He always mentions when hes wearing it and he often doesnt wear it if he is going to be around people he associates with. Since there is never a good coincidence of meaning between phraseologisms, there is a very high risk of finding others that have different metaphors, a different meaning, and are not at all fit for specific cases. He also mentions that he is troubled by the fact that he has changed every time he returns to them. For the first time, I can see a definite connection between the main character in the story and the author. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. His last published work, a novella entitled "Hapworth 16, 1924," appeared in The New Yorker on June19, 1965. The fact that he is having this conversation with Phoebe, a child who is anything but simple and innocent, reveals the oversimplification of his worldview. Holden is an immature boy who in trying to seem older tends to lean more towards phoniness, a quality he despises in others. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. This can be done on diachronic level: Chaucers text is translated into modern English. This is the cause of much difficulty inthinking criticallyaboutclaims. J. D. Salinger used this epithet in order to make a comparison towards Holdens parents because in the beginning Holden showed to the reader a not positive one but old Spenser as the author describe this man point out to the reader that Holdens parents were good peoples. It is his catch-all for describing the superficiality, hypocrisy, pretension, and shallowness that he encounters in the world around him. I have also tried to briefly present the reception of the novel, the translations and solutions offered to the problems raised by Salingers use of colloquial language in other countries. In this chapter should be tried to focus mainly on the social and cultural contexts from the USA and Romania, as well as on some linguistic problems raised by Salingers use of highly colloquial and taboo language in The Catcher. An idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the same time. It is, of course related to the development of a given languages and formation of its lexical system. The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, Sixth Edition, Oxford University Press 2007; http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50034626?single=1&query_type=word&queryword=catharsis&first=1&max_to_show=10. 3, 16 July 1951, 20-1. A criminal profiler may offer an explanation of a suspect's behavior (e.g. It was the first time an author, dared to tell it how it really is and tried to open America's eyes to understand the thoughts of a typical adolescent teenager. Holden nevertheless does shoot people in his own way: when he is in this cynical frame of mind, he expends all of his mental energy denigrating the people around him. It is not the specific items an expression contains but rather the meaning it conveys and its association with culture-specific contexts which can make it untranslatable or difficult to translate. Perhaps Holden interacts with it with the innocence and the purity he believes with these characters represents and wears it as a way to connect to them. Translation from English into another language is not just a simple substitute of words from the English language by the words from another language. The author used a great variety of the types of translation difficulties and these types could be well seen in the third chapter of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye that was chosen in order to point out those types of translation difficulties that exist in the novel. These elements, in English are: personals, demonstratives, and comparatives. Latest answer posted November 15, 2019 at 6:03:44 PM. A major theme and also strong influence concerns the war and the army life present throughout his short stories, especially during and after his participation in the Second World War. Traumatized and made acutely aware of the fragility of life by his brother Allie's death, Holden is terrified by the idea of change and disappearance. When Stradlater complained about the subject matter--"a goddam baseball glove"--Holden took it from him, tore it up and threw it in the trash. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! Or a house Just make it descriptive as hell.". The characters in J.D. They are sometimes called dead metaphors. The writings of Salinger, while they may have been excellent in style, have become very controversial for what he has portrayed in the society during this time period, The Catcher in the Ray is a writing of a well-known American writer J. D. Salinger that is marked by a lot of characteristics of Salinger writings. For this reason, the translator plays an important role as a bilingual or multi-lingual cross-cultural transmitter of culture and truths by attempting to interpret concepts and speech in a variety of texts as faithfully and accurately as possible. and visits me practically every week-end. Both the conversation and Mr. Antolini's head-rubbing serve a similar purpose: they upset Holden's view of the way things are or the way he believes they ought to be. Therefore omission and supplementation are frequently combined with other types of grammatical transformations and more frequently with substitution of parts of speech. Here will be discussed the impact Salinger had, and still has, on writers worldwide. The ducks are in context to a scripture in the Bible, which tells of how the ducks are Free. Essay. Holden also says in Chapter 16 I took my old hunting hat out of my pocket while I walked, and put it on. They are eulogistic and ephemeral unless they become language metaphors by being diffused through popular speech and, later, the media. true and false friends, calques, and other forms of interference; institutional and standardized terms, neologisms, aphorisms, etc. So it can be consider that J. D. Salinger has a rich literary base and he becomes a kind of teacher for several big writers. ), and "cultural untranslatability," (idioms, sayings, proverbs, jokes, puns, etc.). In this case, the provided solutions are not the explanation of the sense of phraseologisms that, in the compilers intentions, should serve to translate them into the other language. Give her to me boy it was used for pointing out to the reader that Stradler with whom Holden discuss was a person that didnt pay attention to the persons beauty. As the book progresses, however, we learn that Holden has built cynical psychological armour around himself to protect himself from the complexities of the world. He has different perspective to other people, even though he has a. But it is what it aims at. Lotman describes literature and art in general as a secondary modelling systems, as an indication of the fact that they are derived from the primary modelling system of language, and declares as firmly as Sapir or Whorf that `No language can exist unless it is stepped in the context of culture; and no culture can exist which does not have at its centre, the structure of natural language.' . Analysis of the translation into Romanian of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye, which represents my major contribution to this research paper it was focused on presenting the Romanian versions of Salingers novel in order to find the main translation difficulties translation as well as its impact on Romanian readership. Modernism as a literary movement is seen, in large part, as a reaction to the emergence of city life as a central force in society. The theme such as the translation difficulties and lexical peculiarities is actual and well-known today because these are two the most important elements of a lexical-stylistic analysis or important elements of studies in lexicology and in translation studies. Save time and let our verified experts help you. Then I got the hell out. He is a nonconformist. During a period was established that Salinger's writing has influenced several prominent writers, prompting Harold Brodkey (himself an O. Henry Award-winning author) to state in 1991: "His is the most influential body of work in English prose by anyone since Hemingway." Finally, Holden senses sometimes that the words he is using are not quite right, that language fails him: "I don't exactly know what I mean by that," he says at one point, "but I mean it." Idiom generally have three characteristics: Translation is an exacting art. There is another kind of stylistic transformation actualization which involves transition of something simple into something unusual, strange. The main representatives of this period are Ernest Hemingway, Sherwood Anderson, F. Scott Fitzgerald and the writer whose work would be treated in this thesis is J. D. Salinger with his well-known novel The Catcher in the Rye.. If unrecognized, they are translated interpreting the meaning of the single words to the letter, with doubtful outcome. Phoniness, for Holden, stands as an emblem of everything that's wrong in the world around him and provides an excuse for him to withdraw into his cynical isolation. Holden can think about and judge the Eskimo in the display case, but the Eskimo will never judge him back. Modernism was distinguished by an emancipator met narrative. This is the first time we learn who the true Holden Caulfield is and therefore is the most illuminating moment in The Catcher In the Rye. Its impossible. He feels guilty that he, who lives because he is not sick like Allie was, is inferior and stupid. The Catcher In The Rye Essay Throughout the book, The Catcher In the Rye, the theme that I saw reoccurring in the novel was the painfulness of growing up. The author used a lot of comparison in his work because through this stylistic devices J. D. Salinger introduce to the reader a lot of details of his characters and about his work. Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. The museum presents him with a vision of life he can understand: it is frozen, silent, and always the same. ( http://www.script.com:p.15) from this example is well seen that the author used one of the meanings of the word kid. Holden believes childhood is very. This is what Newmark calls "service translation.". The author of this work is a writer that succeeded to combine all elements that represent this period in his work. i have to pick 2 points on Allie's baseball mitt that reflects on isolation. The volume meaning of these words does not usually coincide (except term-words). Idiom more than any other feature of language demands that the translator be not only accurate but highly sensitive to the rhetorical nuances of the language. Difference in the semantic structure of a word represents one of the main reason causing lexical difficulties in translation. essay, The Catcher in the Rye and The Outsider novels hold, Catcher in the Rye Essay Argumentative Essay, Belonging Essay 'Romulus My Father', 'the Lost Thing' and 'the Catcher in the Rye', Write Holden hates it when people like Stradlater try to pretend the only reason they're bad at English essays is commas, when really they're just not good at, you know, English. eNotes Editorial, 22 Dec. 2012, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-did-holden-decide-write-about-stradlaters-311210. There are three symbols unparticular that are used most regularly in the novel. Language metaphors are stock metaphors. Holden is very afraid of growing up and is also afraid of the unknown. A translation should always include the tasks and the qualities (or even the standards) a translation should perform. why does holden write the composition for stradlatermasa year of service PB Nitom Blog . It has also expressed my belief that a literary translation should not compete with the original, its main task being that of recreating the same atmosphere and the same effect of the ST on the TT readers and to make the readers understand the original text no matter if they speak or do not speak the SL since it is said that a translation can even make native speakers of a language better understand a SL text. The most frequent types of difficulties arising from translation that can be proposed to assess in any translation are the following: The method of penalization of errors must be previously established, using clear criteria, and placing emphasis on the lack of coherence, especially regarding meaning and sense, whether it is due to faulty translation, missing items or the wrong application of lexical, semantic, grammatical, graphemic and/or cultural transfer. Hes trying to get across that Holden hates conflict, hes confused by Allies senseless death, and he fears interaction with other people. The terms 'explain' or 'explanation,' et cetera is frequently used in arguments. Log in here. Rev. He resents society as he does not seem to be part of it, and looks for sense of real place for him, where he could focus more on his phoniness. In the end can be concluded that the main Lexical translation problems are: Practically, stylistic devices in almost all languages are similar still though their functions in speech vary. The general impression is that the Romanian translation is direct, it does not use so many euphemisms, it has more gains, its language is more modern, closer to the contemporary teenage colloquial speech, and more colorful. I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. Inter-semiotic translation or transmutation (an interpretation of verbal signs of non-verbal sign systems). The more Holden focuses on his dead brother, the more alone he feels.He does not connect with the people around him, but dwells on people who are memories, like Allie and Jane Gallagher. In The Catcher in the Rye Holdens main purpose was to be free from the suffering. Ultimately Carl learns independence, to do with himself and the people around him. When done on synchronic level, this kind of code switching is called a paraphrase. Another example was Salingers use of imitation of spoken English in written. J. D. Salinger also uses another comparison with the worst place that could exist as hell because the author pointed out through the comparison like sad as hell (J.D.Salinger:13) that he used this word also with another meaning like that the person that made the worst thing in this life because through this words the author showed to the reader that Holdens feelings were compared with a hell. The third reason presenting lexical difficulties in translation the difference in combinability. Holden's curiosity about where the ducks go during the winter reveals a genuine, more youthful side to his character. Lexical peculiarities - are the stylistic devices used by the author in his work. CLXXXVIII, No. Holdens actions are inconsistent with his opinions, but instead of making him seem like a hypocrite, this makes him more likable: he is kind to Ackley without commenting on it, and he shows himself capable of going to the movies with his friends like a normal teenager. In contextual usage of a word in poetry or prose often point to the authors penetration into the depth of the words semantic structure. So it can be concluded that Salinger tries to explain what these three elements can do for search the true happiness. But nonetheless as the book developments, Carl starts to learn initiative and he catches a job at a barge and starts to bring money in. Richard Yates wrote at The New York Times in 1977 that Salinger is a man who used language as if it were pure energy beautifully controlled, and who knew exactly what he was doing in every silence as well as in every word. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Mr. Antolini's quotation, from a psychoanalyst named Wilhelm Stekel, mean? The pressure of adolescent sexualityan important theme throughout The Catcher in the Rye makes itself felt here for the first time: Holden's greatest worry is that Stradlater will make sexual advances toward Jane. .of becoming dangerously convoluted and static, Lodge implicitly challenges critics to revisit and reassess Salingers body of work. "The Catcher in the Rye" is supposedly being written in the first person by a sixteen-year-old boy. Holden responds with this image, which reveals his fantasy of idealistic childhood and of his role as the protector of innocence. Latest answer posted April 14, 2021 at 10:45:43 AM. Stradlater spends a lot of time at the gym and in front of the mirror, working on his appearance. Holden's deep unresolved sadness over the loss of his brother, a person he tells us was better than him,who should not have died at such as young age, indicates that he feels a sense of guilt over being alive Holden questions why he should still be here, when he brother, who was smarter and kinder than him should be dead.One of the central Because Holden depends on his isolation to preserve his detachment from the world and to maintain a level of self-protection, he often sabotages his own attempts to end his loneliness. This first type of difficulty is the task of distinguishing between a use of a word as a specialized term and its use as a word of general vocabulary. Its possible that Salinger has a very negative view of the world; the author thinks that the research of happiness is based on 3 important elements: religion, loneliness and symbolism.
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