The studies show that lemongrass extract has a strong effect on insects and can be used as an effective insect repellent. 2014;4:S21420. dirus for 6h [44] and An. Lemongrass. Lemongrass is not one of those chemicals. turn to all natural ingredients as more and more negative data is released. the product. [41] used E. globulus essential oil at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% concentrations against An. 2002;96:22531. Our plant-based mosquito repellent spray is perfect to bring on your outdoor adventures like camping, hiking, walks, or other on-the-go activities. Thus, plants with potential repellency properties should be tested for their possible unpleasant side effects before introducing as alternative products. Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors around the world. Insect odorant receptors are molecular targets of the insect repellent. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as a mosquito repellent in insects sprays [42] used basil essential oil at 0.02, 0.10, and 0.21mg/cm2 concentrations against An. Parasitol Res. Asian Pac J Trop Med. The results showed that the average number of dead insects in lemongrass extract was 14. Province. While alternative uses such as excite-repellency and spatial activity have also been examined [87]. Advances in vector mosquito control technologies, with particular reference to herbal products. 2015;437:2826. In recent years, interest in plant-based repellents has been revived, as they contain a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals that are safe and biodegradable into non-toxic by-products, which could be screened for insecticidal activities and mosquito repellent. 1995;120:53842. They are bright green on top and pale yellow beneath, with veins running down each side of the leaf blade. Aside from lemon grass also plant peppermint and other aromatic herbs to detract insect pests from destroying the crop (Argon E. ,2012). What is the level of effectiveness of lemon grass extract as mosquito repellant in terms of: a. Repellent properties of celery, Apium graveolens L, compared with commercial repellents, against mosquitoes under laboratory and field conditions. Possibly, the most important aspect in increasing the permanence of such repellents that are effective but volatile is improving formulations of plant extracts to elevate their longevity through the development of nanoemulsions, improved formulations, and fixatives. Due to having difficulties in finding test subjects, not all kinds of insects Results of the Experiment in Observing the Repellency of the Product The plant, indigenous to Europe, is now widespread in cultivation worldwide [66]. 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Since they will be making the insect 2015;114:60112. Oviposition deterrent and skin repellent activities of Artemisia herba alba, Matricharia chamomella and Melia azedarach against Culex quinquefasciatus. Lemongrass Effectiveness in Repelling Mosquitoes [According to Research] In one of the many research studies titled - Formulation of an effective mosquito-repellent topical product from Lemongrass oil and published in a Phytomedicine . The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles. mosquitoes, and, (iii) reported the percentage of repellency or complete protection time. Canadian Vet J. immiscible with water, volatile in steam and having high vapor pressure at the the skin, clothing, or other surfaces which discourages insects (and arthropods in Rajkumar S, Jebanesan A. Repellent activity of selected plant essential oils against the malarial fever mosquito Anopheles stephensi. Parasitol Res. Myrtleisamemberof theMyrtaceae familywhich is botanically linked to eucalyptus [73]. 1. Part of subpictus. materials needed: everywhere throughout the world have come to depend on the strong insect repellent The repellent contains oil of eucalyptus and is marketed under two names: Repel Lemon Eucalyptus Insect Repellent (WPC Brands) and Fite Bite Plant-Based Insect Repellent (Travel. 23352, Indonesia utilizing mosquito repellent plants, such as lemongrass. Haldar KM, Ghosh P, Chandra G. Larvicidal, adulticidal, repellency and smoke toxic efficacy of Ficus krishnae against Anopheles stephensi Liston and Culex vishnui group mosquitoes. Hook. Article Environment, Research Respondents, and Research Procedure. For the Students in Senior High School that lemongrass has insecticidal As a result, it may only work for a short period of time before it loses its effectiveness and needs to be reapplied regularly throughout the day while you are outdoors during peak mosquito season (April through October). 2012;38:1416. 1st ed. Swathi S, Murugananthan G, Ghosh S, Pradeep A. Larvicidal and repellent activities of ethanolic extract of Datura stramonium leaves against mosquitoes. Presently, there is no effective prophylactic anti-malarial vaccine and no suitable preventive measure other than vector control is available [5]. Malar J 18, 436 (2019). Table 3. The repellency effect of clove against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 6 studies. Another study [45] reported that clove repels An. repellent themselves, they can ensure that it is safe and not even a single drop of a and candles, and also in aromatherapy. Reflection Paper: Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon? In: Foundation Ciba, editor. Furthermore, these related Is lemongrass oil as an insect repellent; Indian J Pharmacol. PubMed Iranian J Arthropod Borne Dis. Responses of antennal olfactory receptors in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti to human body odours. Use more than one herb for best results. Annu Rev Entomol. used for the experiment were easily provided. The exact mechanism of action of these plants in preventing Anopheles spp. [58] used clove essential oil at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations against An. found that tagetes extract is not affective against An. 2010;13:8596. 2009;9:26458. Malaria Journal It contains limonene as an insect repellent. Just spray on and stay protected. Neem isa versatile tree broadly grown in tropical areas of India [76]. gambiae [54]. [6], has a percentage repellency of 79.7 against Anopheles arabiensis. Lemon grass is, also called fever grass, a perennial plant with thin, long leaves that is indigenous to many Asian countries. Repellent activity of catmint, Nepeta cataria, and iridoid nepetalactone isomers against Afro-tropical mosquitoes, ixodid ticks and red poultry mites. Panneerselvam C, Murugan K. Adulticidal, repellent, and ovicidal properties of indigenous plant extracts against the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2006. p. 275304. Tagetes minuta L., a useful underutilized plant of family Asteraceae: a review. Asian Pac J Trop Med. Naine SJ, Devi S. Larvicidal and repellent properties of Streptomyces sp. Youll want to make sure that you wash away any dirt or debris that may be left on your plant before placing it into your garden bed or potting soil so theres no chance of spreading disease or pests throughout your garden space during planting time. Jeyabalan D, Arul N, Thangamathi P. Studies on effects of Pelargonium citrosa leaf extracts on malarial vector. insect repellent. Article In the present work, essential oil 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (citral) is hydrodistilled from lemon grass in the laboratory, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal acetals . 25 mosquito landing attempts. 2016;23:2322838. which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe. 2011;88:4818. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Lemongrass has insecticidal properties and the extracted oil is used as ants, this research hopes to show the efficacy of lemongrass oil as insect repellent. J Appl Sci. receiving vessel. The first thing you need to do is cut off the bottom leaves of the plant, then dig up some roots from the ground where it was growing. How long does the effectivity of the lemongrass oil last? 2003;10:1814. Yogananth N, Anuradha V, Ali MYS, Muthezhilan R, Chanthuru A, Prabu MM. California Privacy Statement, The studies in the last two decades have focused on the search for new natural repellents and some plants displayed good repellent activities, but few natural products have been developed so far [88, 89]. Enviro Sci Pollut Res. along with thousands of other products contains lemon grass oils. Walle M, Walle B, Zerihun L, Makonnen E. Sedative-hypnotic like effect of the essential oil from the leaves of Myrtus communis on mice. Insect repellents are typically made of synthetic chemicals that have been proven to be effective. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. A total of 383 studies were found by the initial literature search of the databases. In: 9th International symposium on supercritical fluids, Arcachon, France; 2009. This, Extracting the lemongrass oil will be done through Steam Distillation The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Knowledge of traditional repellent plants is a significant resource for the development of new natural products as an alternative to chemical repellents. PubMed Central convenient to the fellow researchers. Trongtokit Y, Rongsriyam Y, Komalamisra N, Apiwathnasorn C. Comparative repellency of 38 essential oils against mosquito bites. 2014;28:2536. Lemongrass oil has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, ants, ticks, fleas, and other pests. Insect Repellents Oils, Volatile . Nevertheless, Seyoum et al. Pak J Weed Sci Res. Lemongrass | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center For Adult Patients About Diagnosis & Treatment Lemongrass Purported Benefits, Side Effects & More Common Names Fever grass Barbed wire grass Silky heads Jump to: For Patients & Caregivers For Healthcare Professionals For Patients & Caregivers Here, the repellency impacts of most frequent examined repellents against Anopheles species are reported. 2006;1:911. Prado JM, Leal PF, Meireles MAA, Eds. J Agric Biol Sci. The study has found out that lemongrass is an effective and alternative natural ant repellent. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Pol J Microbiol. These specific insects were chosen for they have this characteristic in which Extra Concentrated for Long-Lasting Protection, Natural Ingredients Proven Effective in the Real World. Accessed 28 Mar 2016. It has a distinctive odor which may make it difficult for some insect to For citronella, as one of the most explored plant for repellency effect against various mosquitoes, it is reported that active compounds in citronella extract for repelling mosquitoes are eugenol, eucalyptol, camphor, linalool, citral, and citronellal [81]. Knowledge on traditional repellent plants obtained through ethnobotanical studies is a valuable resource for the development of new natural products. Moreover, 100l and 0.1ml of citronella grass essential oil showed 2.16 and 0.8h complete protection time against An. 2014;2:707. 2014;13:209. arabiensis. Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors worldwide. [62] also supported that myrtle at 50% concentration repels An. Ansari M, Vasudevan P, Tandon M, Razdan R. Larvicidal and mosquito repellent action of peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil. Videos for related products. Basil at 0.1ml dose in other studies [47, 61] repelled Anopheles for 1.5h and 0.75h, whereas, Tawatsin et al. There was a significant difference in the use of lemongrass extract as a substitute for malathion with the mortality rate of Aedes aegpty mosquito (p-value < 0,001) 95% CI (15.69-18.31 . Rosemary isan evergreen aromatic shrub with a Mediterranean origin, which belongs to Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family [77]. In mixing alcohol to neutralize the lemongrass oil and water, the amount 2011;72:10914. Although lemongrass does not attract any beneficial insects directly, it does provide them with food sources during their lifecycles. after screening titles/abstracts; 11 were review publications; 8 investigated the repellency impact of chemical-based repellents or animal extracts; 7 studies were conducted on laboratory animals; 12 were abstracts, conference papers, comments, and editorials; 10 studies had not reported sufficient data regarding the percentage of repellency or complete protection time; and, 15 studies were other irrelevant studies. In another study [6], 20% oil solutions of peppermint had 57% repellency and complete protection time for 6.5h against An. Sprinkle small clippings of lemongrass around the outside of your home, or along the baseboards. be brought in the market (Fernandez, 2013). Google Scholar. DEET Sci. x=]R@2C&n-M4f+s=D&Lo7M[6o6mO_-mO?~w ,*H2NgQpaWW_8~FM]#4xBZ@Ekp udqc!2+ck{ED6dl-'_u7"`0Z Moreover, in this study, many investigated citations showed the effectiveness of plant repellents against Anopheles spp. The lemongrass is known for its effectiveness in repelling insects. Citronella. Following studies were excluded: studies exploring the repellency effect of chemical-based products, studies examining the repellency effect of animal extracts, animal studies (studies not on human subjects), articles without full texts, reviews, duplicate articles, abstracts, republished data, comments, conference papers, editorials, and studies with insufficient data. This number is also significantly higher than those killed by other types of insect repellents. 2011;1:S1248. 2008;7:152. Evaluation of hexane extract of tuber of root of Cyperus rotundus Linn (Cyperaceae) for repellency against mosquito vectors. Google Scholar. The included studies were published between 1999 and 2018. CAS insect repellent spray which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe as it was In 3 studies, repellency effectiveness of turmeric was examined. Bioresource Technol. The 20% oil solution of rosemary in the study conducted by Amer et al. [6], 20% oil solution of basil essential oil, with mean percentage repellency of 66.7%, had 100% protective impact against An. mosquitoes. A must have for weekend trips, camping, and travel. Nour AH, Elhussein SA, Osman NA, Nour AH. for safe use, lemongrass oil is mixed by water and alcohol. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810. that it repelled mosquito landing attempts and ant-bites attempts. Privacy Lemongrass can be used in various ways to repel insects such as: Make a spray with 1 cup water and 2 tablespoons of lemon juice then add 10 drops of pure lemon essential oil (optional) and shake well before spraying on skin or clothing, Add several drops of pure essential oil into the water when washing clothes etc. Kumar KP, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar AN, Hwang J-S, Barnard DR. Govindarajan M, Rajeswary M, Arivoli S, Tennyson S, Benelli G. Larvicidal and repellent potential of Zingiber nimmonii (J. Graham) Dalzell (Zingiberaceae) essential oil: an eco-friendly tool against malaria, dengue, and lymphatic filariasis mosquito vectors? Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. Comparative mosquito repellency of essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn. Lemongrass is a natural pesticide. Lemongrass does not have Moore S, Lenglet A, Hill N. Plant-based insect repellents. All titles and abstracts were screened by two independent investigators for eligibility. The study has found out that lemon grass is an effective and alternative natural insect repellent. Essential oils and extracts of plants are emerging as potential agents for Anopheles spp. Basically, a repellent All concentrations of turmeric, with a doseresponse manner, provided complete repellency ranging from 4 to 8h, depending on the concentration applied. Meat Sci. For the Parents/Guardians that this will serve as a guide for taking care of their children All these findings support that clove can be a considered as moderate repellent. Individuals %PDF-1.5 The extracted lemongrass substance will be stored in a Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2012;15:76673. Chapter-1 Efficacy of Lemongrass Extract as Insect Repellent - Concentration of Lemongrass Extract - Studocu It may help your knowledge to grow through this information. recommend the following: For the Future Researchers who would like to conduct the experiment that in volume18, Articlenumber:436 (2019) There is no significant difference in using lemongrass oil as an effective natural Barnard DR. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Govindarajan et al. Lemongrass oil is also thought to be beneficial in treating skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. Trav Med Infect Dis. SALLYE ANDER PROMISE: When you buy Sallye Ander products, you can rest assured knowing you are supporting a company committed to quality and the environment. [27], orange extract at 50, 150 and 250, 350, and 450ppm showed 0, 0.5, 0.5, 1.5 and 2h complete protection time repellency (100%) against An. 10ml of lemongrass essential oil Plant-based repellents have been applied for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection approach against different species of Anopheles. 2012;44:7989. The results shown in the Table 2 is about the products safety. The 20% oil solution of olive in the study conducted by Amer et al. [50] also supported that burning of 25 g of dried O. europaea, comparable to Amer et al. CAS components of lemongrass oil varied with where they are planned. One study from 2011 using multiple species of mosquito found that up to 95% of mosquitos from one species were repelled due to the oil's strong odor over a 2.5 hour period (2). In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of myrtle was investigated. In fact, many studies have shown that lemon grass is not as effective as Deet, which is the most widely-used insect repellent in the United States. Eucalyptus is a significant short rotation pulpy woodyplant,growngenerallyin tropical regions [72]. lemongrass as an insect repellent and to raise awareness on how to prevent insect- For this systematic review, all eligible studies on the repellency effects of plant-based repellants against Anopheles spp. 2014;26:30510. To overcome this problem, it is essential to research for alternative approaches to vector control.