[7] Bill also dealt with a serious bout of depression at the age of seventeen, following the death of his first love, Bertha Bamford, who died of complications from surgery. So they can get people perhaps out of some stuck constrained rhythm, he says. Hank P. initially refused to sell his 200 shares, then later showed up at Wilson's office broke and shaky. [57], The band El Ten Eleven's song "Thanks Bill" is dedicated to Bill W. since lead singer Kristian Dunn's wife got sober due to AA. She was attacked by one man with a kitchen knife after she refused his advances, and another man committed suicide by gassing himself on their premises. KFZ-Gutachter. In post-Prohibition 1930s America, it was common to perceive alcoholism as a moral failing, and the medical profession standards of the time treated it as a condition that was likely incurable and lethal. We can be open-minded toward all such efforts, and we can be sympathetic when the ill-advised ones fail.. He requested that Yale offer the degree to A.A. as a whole, but the school declined to honor that wish. But I was wrong! Rockefeller. I find myself with a heightened colour perception and an appreciation of beauty almost destroyed by my years of depressions." [20] Earlier that evening, Thacher had visited and tried to persuade him to turn himself over to the care of a Christian deity who would liberate him from alcohol. Unfortunately, it was less successful than Wilsons experience; it made me violently ill and the drugs never had enough time in my system to be mind-altering.. engrosamiento mucoso etmoidal. I learned a ton about A.A. and 12 step groups. He insisted again and again that he was just an ordinary man". [11] Smith's last drink was on June 10, 1935 (a beer to steady his hand for surgery), and this is considered by AA members to be the founding date of AA. After some time he developed the "Big Book . [30] It was during this time that Wilson went on a crusade to save alcoholics. This page was last edited on 23 January 2023, at 10:37. Message Reached the World. Woods won an Emmy for his portrayal of Wilson. There were two programs operating at this time, one in Akron and the other in New York. [9], In 1955, Wilson wrote: "The early AA got its ideas of self-examination, acknowledgment of character defects, restitution for harm done, and working with others straight from the Oxford Group and directly from Sam Shoemaker, their former leader in America, and from nowhere else. Though not a single one of the alcoholics Wilson tried to help stayed sober,[31] Wilson himself stayed sober. In the 1950s he experimented with LSDwhich was then an experimental therapeutic rather than recreational drugbut wasn't a huge fan of the chemical. [10] They saw sin was "anything that stood between the individual and God". After he and Smith worked with AA members three and four, Bill Dotson and Ernie G., and an initial Akron group was established, Wilson returned to New York and began hosting meetings in his home in the fall of 1935. In 1999 Time listed him as "Bill W.: The Healer" in the Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century. The AA general service conference of 1955 was a landmark event for Wilson in which he turned over the leadership of the maturing organization to an elected board. Before and after Bill W. hooked up with Dr. Bob and perfected the A.A. system, he tried a number of less successful methods to curb his drinking. Theres this attitude that all drugs are bad, except you can have as many cigarettes and as much caffeine and as many doughnuts as you want.. The facts are documented in A.A. literature although I don't read A.A. literature at the best of times. Their break was not from a need to be free of the Oxford Group; it was an action taken to show solidarity with their brethren in New York. When Bill Wilson had his spiritual experience some immediate and profound changes took place. 1953 The Twelve Traditions were published in the book. He soon was following the plan of the Oxford Groups that his friend Ebby Thatcher expounded. [40] However, he felt this method only should be attempted by individuals with well-developed super-egos. Around this time, he also introduced Wilson to Aldous Huxley, who was also into psychedelics. He objected to the group's publicity-seeking and intolerance of nonbelievers, and those alcoholics who were practicing Catholics found their views to be in conflict with the Oxford Group teachings. Wilson offered Hank $200 for the office furniture that belonged to Hank, provided he sign over his shares. [70], The second edition of the Big Book was released in 1955, the third in 1976, and the fourth in 2001. In the 1950s, Wilson used LSD in medically supervised experiments with Betty Eisner, Gerald Heard, and Aldous Huxley, taking LSD for the first time on August 29, 1956. These plants contain deliriants, such as atropine and scopolamine, that cause hallucinations. Robert Holbrook Smith was a Dartmouh-educated surgeon who is now remembered by millions of recovering alcoholics as "Dr. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) was founded in 1935 by Bill Wilson (known as Bill W.) and Robert Smith (known as Dr. Bob), and has since grown to be worldwide. [45] Despite his conviction that he had evidence for the reality of the spirit world, Wilson chose not to share this with AA. Therefore, if one could "surrender one's ego to God", sin would go with it. [5] He was born at his parents' home and business, the Mount Aeolus Inn and Tavern. Because in addition to his alcohol addiction, Wilson lived with intractable depression. Sober alcoholics could show drinking alcoholics that it was possible to enjoy life without alcohol, thus inspiring a spiritual conversion that would help ensure sobriety. A.A. members, professionals and the general public want to learn more about A.A. and how it works to help alcoholics. Bill Wilson achieved success through being the "anonymous celebrity.". In November 1934, Wilson was visited by old drinking companion Ebby Thacher. "Of alcoholics who came to A.A. and really tried, 50% got sober at once and remained that way; 25% sobered up after some relapses, and among the remainder, those who stayed on with A.A. showed improvement. It was while undergoing this treatment that Wilson experienced his "Hot Flash" spiritual conversion. [66], Wilson kept track of the people whose personal stories were featured in the first edition of the Big Book. It was a chapter he had offered to Smith's wife, Anne Smith, to write, but she declined. He and his wife Lois even traveled around the country throughout the 1920s looking for prime investment opportunities in small companies. While Wilson later broke from The Oxford Group, he based the structure of Alcoholics Anonymous and many of the ideas that formed the foundation of AA's suggested 12-step program on the teachings of the Oxford Group. [55], Bill and Hank held two-thirds of 600 company shares, and Ruth Hock also received some for pay as secretary. [25], The next morning Wilson arrived at Calvary Rescue Mission in a drunken state looking for Thacher. Wilsons personal experience foreshadowed compelling research today. Subsequently, during a business trip in Akron, Ohio, Wilson was tempted to drink and realized he must talk to another alcoholic to stay sober. [65], Many of the chapters in the Big Book were written by Wilson, including Chapter 8, To Wives. Getting a big nationwide organization off the ground is no easy task, so after A.A. had been up and running for three years, the group wrote a letter to one of the nation's most famous teetotalers, J.D. [60][61] Works Publishing became incorporated on June 30, 1940.[62]. Later they found that he had stolen and sold off their best clothes. [30] A heavy smoker, Wilson eventually suffered from emphysema and later pneumonia. The AA Service Manual/Twelve Concepts for World Service (BM-31). Nearly two centuries before the advent of Alcoholics Anonymous, John Wesley established Methodist penitent bands, which were organized on Saturday nights, the evening on which members of these small groups were most tempted to frequent alehouses. Bill W.'s partner in founding A.A. was a pretty sharp guy. In 1937 the Wilsons broke with the Oxford Group. They believed active alcoholics were in a state of insanity rather than a state of sin, an idea they developed independently of the Oxford Group. This system might have helped ease the symptoms of withdrawal, but it played all sorts of havoc on the patient's guts. Millions are still sick and other millions soon will be. In 1954 Yale offered to give him an honorary Doctor of Laws degree, and the school even agreed to make out the diploma to "W.W." to maintain his anonymity. Despite acquiescing to their demands, he vehemently disagreed with those in A.A. who believed taking LSD was antithetical to their mission. "[28] He then had the sensation of a bright light, a feeling of ecstasy, and a new serenity. She also tried to help many of the alcoholics that came to live with them. Eventually, though, the stock market collapsed in 1929, and once the money stopped rolling in bankers had little incentive to tolerate the antics of their drunken speculator. Download AA Big Book Sobriety Stories and enjoy it on your iPhone, iPad and iPod touch. "That is, people say he died, but he really didn't," wrote Bill Wilson. After returning home, Wilson wrote to Heard effusing on the promise of LSD and how it had alleviated his depression and improved his attitude towards life. Jung was discussing how he agreed with Wilson that some diehard alcoholics must have a spiritual awakening to overcome their addiction. This spiritual experience would become the foundation of his sobriety and his belief that a spiritual experience is essential to getting sober. Hazard underwent a spiritual conversion" with the help of the Group and began to experience the liberation from drink he was seeking. But you had better hang on to it".[23]. He then asked for his diploma, but the school said he would have to attend a commencement ceremony if he wanted his sheepskin. Most A.A.s were violently opposed to his experimenting with a mind-altering substance. Those who could afford psychiatrists or hospitals were subjected to a treatment with barbiturate and belladonna known as "purge and puke"[4] or were left in long-term asylum treatment. 9495, Alcoholics Anonymous, 4th ed., 2001, p. xxiii. Ross says LSDs molecular structure, which is similar to the feel-good neurotransmitter serotonin, actually helped neuroscientists identify what serotonin is and its function in the brain. . [6] [7] Later in life, Bill Wilson gave credit to the Oxford Group for saving his life. He thought he might have found something that could make a big difference to the lives of many who still suffered.. Bill Wilson died of emphysema and pneumonia in 1971. When Wilson first took LSD, the drug was still legal, though it was only used in hospitals and other clinical settings. Bill incorporated the principles of nine of the Twelve Traditions, (a set of spiritual guidelines to ensure the survival of individual AA groups) in his foreword to the original edition; later, Traditions One, Two, and Ten were clearly specified when all twelve statements were published. [18] Over the years, the mission had helped over 200,000 needy people. In 1938, Albert Hofmann synthesized (and ingested) the drug for the first time in his lab. situs link alternatif kamislot how long was bill wilson sober? I know because I spent over a decade going to 12-step meetings. Wilson then made plans to finance and implement his program on a mass scale, which included publishing a book, employing paid missionaries, and opening alcoholic treatment centers. Alcoholics Anonymous continues to attract new members every day. There Wilson socialized after the meetings with other ex-drinking Oxford Group members and became interested in learning how to help other alcoholics achieve sobriety. Because LSD produced hallucinations, two other researchers, Abram Hoffer and Humphrey Osmond, theorized it might provide some insight into delirium tremens a form of alcohol withdrawal so profound it can induce violent shaking and hallucinations. Yet Wilsons sincere belief that people in an abstinence-only addiction recovery program could benefit from using a psychedelic drug was a contradiction that A.A. leadership did not want to entertain. Like many others, Wilsons first experience with LSD happened because he knew a guy. In Wilsons case, the guy was British philosopher, mystic, and fellow depressive Gerald Heard. [31] While notes written by nurse James Dannenberg say that Bill Wilson asked for whiskey four times (December 25, 1970, January 2, 1971, January 8, 1971, and January 14, 1971) in his final month of living, he drank no alcohol for the final 36 years of his life. According to the Oxford Group, Wilson quit; according to Lois Wilson, they "were kicked out." Research suggests ego death may be a crucial component of psychedelic drugs antidepressant effects. [20], In keeping with the Oxford Group teaching that a new convert must win other converts to preserve his own conversion experience, Thacher contacted his old friend Bill Wilson, whom he knew had a drinking problem.[19][21]. Between 1933 and 1934, Wilson was hospitalized for his alcoholism four times. We made a moral inventory of our defects or sins. 5000 copies sat in the warehouse, and Works Publishing was nearly bankrupt. Its important to note that during this period, Wilson was sober. [63] The basic program had developed from the works of William James, Silkworth, and the Oxford Group. [8], An Oxford Group understanding of the human condition is evident in Wilson's formulation of the dilemma of the alcoholic; Oxford Group program of recovery and influences of Oxford Group evangelism still can be detected in key practices of Alcoholics Anonymous. [16] However, Wilson's constant drinking made business impossible and ruined his reputation. 163165. He phoned local ministers to ask if they knew any alcoholics. Using principles he had learned from the Oxford Group, Wilson tried to remain cordial and supportive to both men. Since its beginnings in 1935, the success of Alcoholics Anonymous has sparked interest. Over the past decade or so, research has slowly picked up again, with Stephen Ross as a leading researcher in the field. During these trips Lois had a hidden agenda: she hoped the travel would keep Wilson from drinking. You can read the previous installments here. I stood in the sunlight at last. 2023 Minute Media - All Rights Reserved. The following year he was commissioned as an artillery officer. [34], Wilson and Smith sought to develop a simple program to help even the worst alcoholics, along with a more successful approach that empathized with alcoholics yet convinced them of their hopelessness and powerlessness. Thacher returned a few days later bringing with him Shep Cornell, another Oxford Group member who was aggressive in his tactics of promoting the Oxford Group Program, but despite their efforts Wilson continued to drink. He advised Wilson of the need to "deflate" the alcoholic. 1971 Bill Wilson died. Although this question can be confusing, because "Bill" is a common name, it does provide a means of establishing the common experience of AA membership. Here we have collected historical information thanks to the General Service Office Archives. At the time Florence had been sober for a little more than a year. The choice between sobriety and the use of psychedelics as a treatment for mood disorders is false and harmful. But as everyone drank hard, not too much was made of that."[13]. However, Wilson created a major furor in AA because he used the AA office and letterhead in his promotion. Instead, he gave Bill W. and Dr. Bob $30 apiece each week to keep A.A. up and running. I find myself with a heightened color perception and an appreciation of beauty almost destroyed by my years of depression The sensation that the partition between here and there has become very thin is constantly with me.. Wilson married Lois on January 24, 1918, just before he left to serve in World War I as a 2nd lieutenant in the Coast Artillery. During a failed business trip to Akron, Ohio, Wilson was tempted to drink again and decided that to remain sober he needed to help another alcoholic. Wilson was elated to find that he suffered from an illness, and he managed to stay off alcohol for a month before he resumed drinking. Hartigan writes Wilson believed his depression was the result of a lack of faith and a lack of spiritual achievement. When word got out Wilson was seeing a psychiatrist the reaction for many members was worse than it had been to the news he was suffering from depression, Hartigan writes. "[39] Wilson felt that regular usage of LSD in a carefully controlled, structured setting would be beneficial for many recovering alcoholics. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism featured results on a long-term study on AA members. Also like Wilson, it wasnt enough to treat my depression. Wilson later wrote that he found the Oxford Group aggressive in their evangelism. That process usually lasted three days according to Bill. While he was a student at Dartmouth College, Smith started drinking heavily and later almost failed to graduate from medical school because of it. BILLINGS - The Montana Senate approved a bill seeking to regulate sober-living homes this week, bringing the measure one step closer to becoming law. [11] A few weeks later at another dinner party, Wilson drank some Bronx cocktails, and felt at ease with the guests and liberated from his awkward shyness; "I had found the elixir of life", he wrote. More broadly, the scandal reflects a tension in A.A., which touts abstinence above all else and the use of mind-altering drugs as antithetical to recovery. Wilson described his experience to Silkworth, who told him, "Something has happened to you I don't understand. Bill Wilson Quits Proselytizing. He continued to smoke while dependent on an oxygen tank in the late 1960s. Excerpts of those notes are included in Susan Cheevers biography of Wilson, My Name is Bill. Later, LSD would ultimately give Wilson something his first drug-induced spiritual experience never did: relief from depression. Bill W. took his last drink on December 11, 1934, and by June 10, 1935what's considered to be the founding date of A.A.Dr. She reports having great difficulty in seeing herself as an "alcoholic," but after some slips she got sober in early 1938. [22], When Ebby Thacher visited Wilson at his New York apartment and told him "he had got religion," Wilson's heart sank. June 10, 2022 . Surely, we can be grateful for every agency or method that tries to solve the problem of alcoholism whether of medicine, religion, education, or research. In early AA, Wilson spoke of sin and the need for a complete surrender to God. The Bible's Book of James became an important inspiration for Smith and the alcoholics of the Akron group. As it turns out, emotional sobriety is Bill Wilson's fourth legacy. Huxley wrote about his own experiences on mescaline in The Doors of Perception about twenty years after he wrote Brave New World. Jung to Bill Wilson about Rowland Hazard III, https://archive.org/details/MN41552ucmf_0, "Influence of Carl Jung and William James on the Origin of Alcoholics Anonymous", http://www.alcoholics-anonymous.org/en_pdfs/p-48_04survey.pdf, "When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Alcoholics_Anonymous&oldid=1135220138. I thought I knew how Bill Wilson, co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, got sober back in December 1934.. The Akron Oxford Group and the New York Oxford Group had two very different attitudes toward the alcoholics in their midst. [1] As a result, penitent bands have often been compared to Alcoholics Anonymous in scholarly discourse.[2]. Wilson allowed alcoholics to live in his home for long periods without paying rent and board. The backlash eventually led to Wilson reluctantly agreeing to stop using the drug. [28][29], During the last years of his life, Wilson rarely attended AA meetings to avoid being asked to speak as the co-founder rather than as an alcoholic. Upon reading the book, Wilson was later to state that the phrase "deflation at depth" leapt out at him from the page of William James's book; however, this phrase does not appear in the book. His old drinking buddy Ebby Thatcher introduced Wilson to the Oxford Group, where Thatcher had gotten sober. Wilson joined the Oxford Group and tried to help other alcoholics, but succeeded only in keeping sober himself. The man is Bill Wilson and hes the co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, the largest abstinence-only addiction recovery program in the world. Peter Armstrong. Smith was so impressed with Wilson's knowledge of alcoholism and ability to share from his own experience, however, that their discussion lasted six hours. In thinking about this Tradition I'm reminded of my friend George. The Oxford Group also prided itself on being able to help troubled persons at any time. [53], At first there was no success in selling the shares, but eventually Wilson and Hank obtained what they considered to be a promise from Reader's Digest to do a story about the book once it was completed. One of his letters to adviser Father Dowling suggests that while Wilson was working on his book Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions, he felt that spirits were helping him, in particular a 15th-century monk named Boniface. Heard was profoundly changed by his own LSD experience, and believed it helped his depression. Sources for his prospects were the Calvary Rescue Mission and Towns Hospital. I knew all about Bill Wilson, I knew the whole story, he says. Rockefeller also gave Bill W. a grant to keep the organization afloat, but the tycoon was worried that endowing A.A. with boatloads of cash might spoil the fledgling society. The two men immediately began working together to help reach Akron's alcoholics, and with the help of Dr. Bob's wife, Anne, helped perfect the 12 steps that would become so important to the A.A. process. Later Wilson wrote to Carl Jung, praising the results and recommending it as validation of Jung's spiritual experience. After many difficult years during his early-mid teens, Bill became the captain of his high school's football team, and the principal violinist in its orchestra. It will never take the place of any of the existing means by which we can reduce the ego, and keep it reduced. The Wilsons' practice of hosting meetings solely for alcoholics, separate from the general Oxford Group meetings, generated criticism within the New-York Oxford Group. )[38] According to Wilson, the session allowed him to re-experience a spontaneous spiritual experience he had had years before, which had enabled him to overcome his own alcoholism. The transaction left Hank resentful, and later he accused Wilson of profiting from Big Book royalties, something that Cleveland AA group founder Clarence S. also seriously questioned. Ross tells Inverse he was shocked to learn about Wilsons history. The next year he returned, but was soon suspended with a group of students involved in a hazing incident. 1949 A group of recovering alcoholics and AA members founded. A. On this page we have collected for you the most accurate and comprehensive information that the spice house vs penzeys politics; driving distance from vancouver bc to cranbrook bc. [52] The book they wrote, Alcoholics Anonymous: The Story Of How More Than One Hundred Men Have Recovered From Alcoholism (the Big Book), is the "basic text" for AA members on how to stay sober, and it is from the title of this book that the group got its name. Photography - Just another Business Startup Sites site Photography Loading Skip to content Photography Just another Business Startup Sites site Primary Menu Home Photography portrait photography wedding photography Sports Photography Travel Photography Blog Other Demo Main Demo Corporate Construction Medical Also known as deadly nightshade, belladonna is an extremely toxic hallucinogenic. Recent LSD studies suggest this ego dissolution occurs because it temporarily quells activity in the cerebral cortex, the area of the brain responsible for executive functioning and sense of self. With Wilson's invitation, his wife Lois, his spiritual adviser Father Ed Dowling, and Nell Wing also participated in experimentation of this drug. It included six basic steps: Wilson decided that the six steps needed to be broken down into smaller sections to make them easier to understand and accept. As Bill said in that 1958 Grapevine newsletter: We can be grateful for every agency or method that tries to solve the problem of alcoholism whether of medicine, religion, education, or research. If the bill passes the full Legislature,. [54] Subsequently, the editor of Reader's Digest claimed not to remember the promise, and the article was never published. If it had worked, however, I would have gladly kept up with the treatments. Upon his release from the hospital on December 18, 1934, Wilson moved from the Calvary Rescue Mission to the Oxford Group meeting at Calvary House. "[11] According to Mercadante, however, the AA concept of powerlessness over alcohol departs significantly from Oxford Group belief. When did Bill Wilson - catcher - die? The book was given the title Alcoholics Anonymous and included the list of suggested activities for spiritual growth known as the Twelve Steps. anti caking agent 341 vegan; never shout never allegations While Wilson never publicly advocated for the use of LSD among A.A. members, in his letters to Heard and others, he made it clear he believed it might help some alcoholics. The Alcoholics Anonymous groups oppose no one. Wilson shared that the only way he was able to stay sober was through having had a spiritual experience. [18] Wilson took some interest in the group, but shortly after Thacher's visit, he was again admitted to Towns Hospital to recover from a bout of drinking. In a March 1958 edition of The Grapevine, A.As newsletter, Wilson urged tolerance for anything that might help still suffering alcoholics: We have made only a fair-sized dent on this vast world health problem. [64] With contributions from other group members, including atheists who reined in religious content (such as Oxford Group material) that could later result in controversy, by fall 1938 Wilson expanded the six steps into the final version of the Twelve Steps, which are detailed in Chapter Five of the Big Book, called How It Works. [2], Wilson's sobriety from alcohol, which he maintained until his death, began December 11, 1934. Though he didnt use LSD in the late 60s, Wilsons earlier experiences may have continued to benefit him. Trials with LSDs chemical cousin psilocybin have demonstrated similar success. Early in his career, he was fascinated by studies of LSD as a treatment for alcoholism done in the mid-twentieth century. [3] Those without financial resources found help through state hospitals, the Salvation Army, or other charitable societies and religious groups. By the time the man millions affectionately call Bill W. dropped acid, hed been sober for more than two decades. William Griffith Wilson (November 26, 1895 January 24, 1971), also known as Bill Wilson or Bill W., was the co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). He failed to graduate from law school because he was too drunk to pick up his diploma. Aeolus and had a spiritual experience and never drank alcohol again. Only then could the alcoholic use the other "medicine" Wilson had to give the ethical principles he had picked up from the Oxford Groups.[32]. During his stay at the Smith home, Wilson joined Smith and his wife in the Oxford Group's practice of "morning guidance" sessions with meditations and Bible readings. Although Wilson would later give Rockefeller credit for the idea of AA being nonprofessional, he was initially disappointed with this consistent position; and after the first Rockefeller fundraising attempt fell short, he abandoned plans for paid missionaries and treatment centers. Message Reached the World published by Alcoholics Anonymous World Services Inc. notes, Bill was enthusiastic about his experience with LSD; he felt it helped him eliminate barriers erected by the self, or ego, that stand in the way of ones direct experience of the cosmos and of God. They would go on to found what is now High Watch Recovery Center,[25] the world's first alcohol and addiction recovery center founded on Twelve Step principles. He did not get "sober". [3] In 1955 Wilson turned over control of AA to a board of trustees. Smith was familiar with the tenets of the Oxford Group and upon hearing Wilson's experience, "began to pursue the spiritual remedy for his malady with a willingness that he had never before been able to muster. He had previously gone on the wagon and stayed sober for long periods. As a teen, Bill showed little interest in his academic studies and was rebellious. Did Bill Dotson stay sober? In 1956, Heard lived in Southern California and worked with Sidney Cohen, an LSD researcher. Towns Hospital for Drug and Alcohol Addictions in New York City four times under the care of William Duncan Silkworth. On the strength of that promise, AA members and friends were persuaded to buy shares, and Wilson received enough financing to continue writing the book. Given that many in A.A. criticized Wilson for going to a psychiatrist, its not surprising the reaction to his LSD use was swift and harsh. Instead, Wilson and Smith formed a nonprofit group called the Alcoholic Foundation and published a book that shared their personal experiences and what they did to stay sober. Bill W. did almost get a law degree after all, though. There both men made plans to take their message of recovery on the road. [27] In 1946, he wrote "No AA group or members should ever, in such a way as to implicate AA, express any opinion on outside controversial issues particularly those of politics, alcohol reform or sectarian religion. Hank blamed Wilson for this, along with his own personal problems.